Overview[]
The Ob"yekt 279 is a Soviet heavy tank developed in the mid 1950s.
Naming[]
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Ob"yekt 279 | GABTU Index designation. |
| Troyanskij Kon' | Trojan Horse - unofficial nickname at VNII-100. |
Development[]
In 1954, SKB-2 (of LKZ) and VNII-100, under the leadership of L.S. Troyanov, with the lead engineers being V.S. Starovojtov and V.F. Viktorov from VNII-100, and P.P. Mikhajlov from SKB-2, began development of a heavy breakthrough tank capable of navigating through difficult terrain (such as swampland, snow, and over obstacles) by utilizing a four-track system. Initial plans for prototype tests were for the last quarter of 1957, with two examples to be ready by the second quarter of 1958. This vehicle project would be designated Ob"yekt 279. The Izhorskij factory was involved in making the turrets, Factory No. 200 in Chelyabinsk made the hulls, and Turbomotornyj factory in Svyerdlovsk for the engines with V. A. Vyenyediktov as the chief designer. In March 1956, the preliminary design was prepared, with an early technical design completed by December 1956 with approval from the Ministry of Transport Mechanical Engineering and NTK GBTU. A full-size wooden mockup was constructed by 30 December 1956. The technical design different in many ways from the draft in regards to the loading mechanism and the chassis design.
In the Summer of 1957, two hulls and two turrets were constructed by the Mariupol'skim Factory, with armour tests undertaken at NIIBT poligon. The armour was increased and the new technical design was completed by November/December 1957. In May 1958, the modified drawings of the hull and turret were handed over to Mariupol'skim Factory. Due to component delays, the deadline for running prototypes was adjusted to the last quarter of 1959 for the test sample, and the second quarter of 1960 for the last two samples.
Production of the first sample was completed, with testing to occur soon after. The vehicle drove for 502 kilometers, and the engine was running for 86 hours. At the experimental VNII-100 base, the technical condition and reliability of the tank's units, assemblies and mechanisms were tested. Weapon tests, as well as firing tests to check the reliability of the stabilization system and loading mechanism were carried out at ANIOP from 9 April - 30 April 1960 and 29 June - 2 July 1960. In accordance to GBTU and GKOT, the vehicle was presented to the top 30 military and political leaders at the NIIBT Polygon, and later at Kapustinom Yaru. The second prototype was completed later, but the third prototype was not assembled despite many parts being constructed.
Ultimately, the development of the Ob. 279 was cancelled.
On the basis of the Ob. 279, a guided missile weapon system «Sprut», a high-power gun «Stryela», an amphibious armoured personnel carrier as well as a gas turbine vehicle were developed but not built due to the project's cancellation.
Design[]
The prototype of the tank had the classic layout scheme with a crew of four. To reduce the height of the hull, a diesel engine with a horizontal arrangement of cylinders was used and the driver was located in the recess between the tracks.
Driver's Compartment[]
The driver's compartment featured the driver's seat, a control panel, mechanisms for driving the vehicle, two compressed air cylinders to start the engine, carbon dioxide cylinders for the fire protection system, and water pumps. Three TNPU-185A1 viewing devices were installed above the driver's seat on the roof of the hull where the entrance hatch is located. At the bottom of the hull, there was an emergency escape hatch behind the driver's seat. For driving at night, TVN-2T «Urol» night viewing devices were mounted instead of the TNPU-185A1.
Fighting Compartment[]
The fighting compartment of the tank occupied the middle of the hull and turret. It housed the main gun and coaxial weapons, automatic stabilization, and guidance system Groza-I, rangefinder sights, TPN-1 «Luna-II» night vision sight, radio station, tank intercom, gunner and commander seats to the left of the gun, one behind the other, and loader seat to the right of the gun. In the aft part of the compartment, there was an autoloader for 13 shots. For the convenience of the crew, a rotating floor was installed with a diameter of 1.83m.
To keep the fighting compartment clean from any fumes and powder gases during firing, a supercharger fan of the PAZ filter system was installed in the turret, creating a positive pressure of 98 - 147Pa. While the engine was not running and the gate valve was open, gases were removed through the air intakes; if the engine was running, they first entered the air purifier, into the engine, and ejected alongside the exhaust gases. The compartment was heated at low ambient temperatures by purifying heated air discharged from the engine supercharger through special pipes, which had shut-off valves that provided temperature regulation by adjusting the amount of heated air that was supplied.
Turret[]
On the roof of the turret above the commander's station, there was a cupola with five TNPA viewing devices and a central TPKU, with vertical viewing angles of -5 to +17 degrees, which could be replaced with a night vision TKN-1T «Uzor» device. The commander's cupola design was borrowed from the Object 278 heavy experimental tank. To illuminate terrain and targets, an OU-3 infrared illuminator was used. To clean the TPKU sight, a mechanical cleaner Dvorink was provided. Lastly, the commander could take over the turret rotation horizontally only, there was no vertical targeting designation. The gunner had a TNPU-185A1 device installed in the roof of the turret, allowing him a forward and left view. For the convenience of using the viewing devices, the commander's seat had height and direction adjustment, the gunner's seat was mounted on the rotating floor and had height adjustment only while the loader's seat was mounted on the upper part of the turret. All seats had soft cushions and could be folded and reclined. To enter and exit the vehicle, the gunner and commander used the commander's cupola hatch, 618mm in diameter, and the loader used his hatch, 530mm in diameter.
Engine and Transmission Compartment[]
The engine and transmission compartment was located in the rear part of the hull, separated from the fighting compartment with a seal. The engine was mounted along the middle of the chassis right behind the compartment, the ejectors, water, and oil radiators were installed on both sides of the engine, the oil tank was located on the front left, and the air purifiers and heating system were in front of the engine. The heater boiler and water pump were installed below the fighting compartment floor, with a removable sheet for ease of access to the pump. The fuel tanks were outside the hull itself and were located inside two beams in the undercarriage reducing the fire hazard of the tank and allowing for the ammunition to be placed in the hull.
The TDA system was used to set up smoke screens by providing an injection of evaporated fuel into the engine's exhaust manifold through 8 nozzles, forming a smoke mixture and ejected by the exhaust gas flow. The fuel was supplied via a MTZN pump, consuming 5-6 kg/min of fuel. The driver was in control of said system.
The tank was equipped with a sixteen cylinder H-shaped four-stroke diesel 2DG-8M, supercharged by a center-drive mounted supercharger with horizontally opposed cylinder arrangement and a liquid ejection cooling system. It produced 999.3HP of power at a crankshaft speed of 2,400rpm. The dry engine mass was 1,400kg, with a service period of 400 hours. It was started with a SG-10 electric starter, with a capacity of 25HP or compressed air from two five-liter cylinders. The air intake system included a high-pressure K-22 compressor, the five-liter air starter and oil separators. Heating systems were used for preparing the tank in low ambient temperatures. It consisted of injection heater with a boiler, a gear reducer, on/off valve system and piping. Internal and external fuel tanks were used to supply the engine with fuel, with a fuel distribution valve with four positions (closed, left tank on, right tank on, external tanks on), filters for fine and coarse cleaning, two BNK-12TK fuel pumps, and a RNM-1 manual fuel pump. To prevent dust from entering the fuel, the fuel tanks were drained from the supercharger by the air purifiers.
The main fuel tanks were located in the two undercarriage beams in six different independent compartments. The design of the fuel intake elements provided both the joint flow of fuel between each compartment, and the sealing off in case of damage. Refueling all three compartments of the beam was carried through one filler cap located in the rear of the tank. Total fuel capacity of the internal beam fuel tanks was 1140 liters. Two external removable fuel tanks included in the system, mounted at the rear part of the hull with a capacity of 150 liters. The total fuel capacity of 1,290 liters allowed the tank to traverse 300km on road.
Four two-stage cyclone purifiers were used in the air purification system, which had automatic ejection of dust, providing 99.2% clean air.
The engine lubrication system consisted of an oil tank, radiator, bypass valve, and three-section oil pump. The 75-liter capacity oil tank was located in front of the engine on the left side and the tubular oil radiator in the upper row of the radiator block on the left side as well. An electric oil pump was used to pump oil into the engine before startup and create the necessary pressure, and to ensure it is heated under winter conditions, the pipes were double jacketed, the jacket being pumped with hot liquid. The engine liquid cooling system had a 100-liter capacity tank, closed circuit with forced circulation and two ejectors installed, one in each side of the engine, for blowing fans with cooling air. Each ejector had two mufflers that combined exhaust gases from four engine cylinders, they were equipped with automatically operated valved at the gas outlet which were sealed, allowing the vehicle to move underwater using only one air intake pipe while also preventing dust from entering the tank. In order to improve the engine temperature, in June 1960, the design of the ejector flow was changed at VNII-100, by adding special extensions over the exhaust windows and special shields placed over the intake blinds to eliminate exhaust recirculation.
Transmission[]
The single-flow GMT included a hydraulic GTK-III transmission, a control panel with three degrees of freedom, two two-stage PMP with a tracking drive part of the control panel, and two onboard gearboxes. To facilitate starting the tank from the tow truck, and braking by the engine when descending terrain or driving over rough terrain, an analogue freewheel clutch was installed between the pumping and turbine wheels of the GTK, blocking the torque converter if the rotation frequency of the turbine wheel shaft exceeded the rotation frequency of the pump wheel shaft. During testing, the clutch was withdrawn due to the increased wear of the rollers. The transmission's weight was over 1,750kg.
To cool the GMT oil, a three-radiator cooling system was used with a bypass valve. Two four-way radiators located symmetrically on the right and left ejectors in the lower row, connected in parallel, and a two-way radiator on the right ejector in the second row, connected in series.
The onboard gearboxes had cylindrical gears and drives to the driving wheels through 4.267 gear ratio planetary rows. A disc-type stop brake with hydraulic servo control was installed in the drive shaft of each onboard gearbox made of ceramic-metal alloy on an iron base. The control panel included three forward gears and one reverse gear. Gear shifting was carried out with the help of friction devices with a hydraulic drive forged out of 65G steel in MK-5 cermet. The shift lever had five total positions, automatic, second gear, first gear, neutral, and reverse gear. When the lever was put on automatic, automatic switching from second to third gear and back occurred, depending on the vehicle's speed. There was no main clutch, gear shifting was simply performed by shifting the lever. The slope brake pedal was located left to the fuel supply pedal and it was used to turn on both brakes simultaneously regardless of the turn lever positions. The maximum speed of the tank was 55km/h on road and average 35km/h on dry dirt.
Suspension[]
The hull design ensured the high ability of the tank to overcome swamps, deep snow, and water obstacles and eliminated the danger of bottoming out, while also increasing its survivability in case one or two tracks got damaged on different sides. A hydraulic high-pressure suspension and a caterpillar mover with four caterpillar tracks were used, each consisting of six roadwheels and three return rollers, a caterpillar tension mechanism, and a drive wheel. The 24 suspension units were mounted in pairs, one internal and one external, in brackets welded to the hull beams. The advantage of hydraulic suspension was that it allowed higher dynamic movement compared to the torsion bar, and was much smoother while moving. The static motion of the return roller was 130mm and the dynamic was 250mm. At the same time, an air suspension was created for the vehicle, which passed tests on the first prototype and demonstrated smooth movement and high average speeds, however further work on this suspension was terminated alongside the project termination. The roadwheels were 520mm in diameter, solid-cast single-disc with internal rubber shock absorption. Single-disc return rollers with a rubberized rim of 240mm in diameter were mounted on the axis of the bracket on the ball and roller bearings. The caterpillars were small-link, with closed metal hinges, assembled from 81 stamped tracks with two fangs. They were 580mm wide and 160mm in pitch. The average pressure of the vehicle was 59kPa (0.6kg/cm2), similar to PT-76.
Titanium alloy VT8-F track links
The disadvantages of this chassis included its complexity, increased vulnerability to anti-tank mines, and the labour-intensive work for repair and maintenance, while also limiting the possibility of reducing the vehicle's height.
Fording[]
The tank was equipped with water diving equipment, allowing it to traverse to a depth of up to 4,5 - 5m. To supply the crew with air and ensure the engine kept operating, a manhole-style tube was used, installed above the loader's hatch. The engine was powered by air through two hatches in the fighting compartment by the engine wall. Cooling of the water and oil radiators of the GMT and engine was carried out by the water, which filled the ejector boxes. To prevent water from entering the engine cylinders, 48 valves were installed per ejector, which limited water access to the engine, occurring when the engine lubrication system pressure dropped. The gyro-semi-compass GPK-48 with a PAG-1F converted was used for underwater driving orientation. Pumping water out of the hull was carried out by a 150l/min centrifugal water pump Al'vyejlyer. It took 20 minutes to prepare the vehicle for fording.
Firepower[]
The main weapon of the tank was a 130mm M-65 rifled cannon equipped with a slit muzzle brake, an ejection device for purging the barrel after firing, and an autoloader. A 14.5mm KPVT machine gun was paired with the cannon, which could be used to help with the targeting. The armament complex featured an electrohydraulic two-plane stabilizer Groza-I, optical periscope binocular sight rangefinder TPDS-36A (the third prototype used a vertically stabilized TPD2S rangefinder), and the night scope TPN-1 «Luna-II», used alongside the L-2 infrared searchlight. The paired KPVT included 800 cartridges, of which 400 were in a belt, stacked in special boxes, and the rest were in boxes. To fire the machine gun, one of the 50-round belts was attached to a cartridge box, and spent cartridges were thrown out through a special pipe that passed through a hole in the turret, and the belts were collected in a belt collector located at the lower part of the machine gun. The vehicle also contained two 7.62mm AKS assault rifles with 600 rounds of ammunition, 20 F-1 hand grenades, and a SPSh-44 flare gun with 20 signal cartridges.
Sights[]
The TPDS-36A had an x8 magnification (9 degrees field of view, the rangefinder had 2 degrees) which could measure the range to the target from 1,000m to 4,000m. The aiming of the weapons could be carried out by the gunner from the remote control of the sight-rangefinder or the manual mechanisms for lifting the gun and turning the turret. The vertical aiming angles ranged from -5 degrees to +17.5 degrees and were limited by elastic stops, meaning the dead zone in front of the tank was 22.8m. The TPN-1 night sight featured a x5 magnification (4 degrees field of view) and was installed on the roof of the tower, with the eyepiece located 170mm above the TPDS, which had a removable sliding door to protect the optics from sunlight exposure and sharp flashes. Cleaning said eyepiece from dust and dirt was carried out with compressed air with a nozzle attached above the head of the sight.
Stabilizer[]
The Groza-I stabilizer provided gun aiming speeds between 0.005 - 4.5 degrees per second in the vertical plane and 0.005 - 18 degrees per second in the horizontal. Vertical guidance was carried out by two power cylinders and to the right of the gun, a power control cylinder which carried out the stabilizing of the gun was located. To the left of the gun, a braking power cylinder was installed to brake and lock the gun when moving it to extreme angles, and when loading and firing. On the body of the braking cylinder, a hydraulic pump and a gearbox were attached for manual guidance. Horizontal guidance could be carried out with both the Groza-I stabilizer and a manual hydraulic drive. Switching the horizontal guidance from manual to motor was carried out by the commander by switching a hydraulic lever, which was inconvenient during the vehicle's movement, manual rotation of the turret achieved a maximum of 4 degrees per second. As already noted previously, the commander could take over the horizontal rotation using his target designation control panel. A major disadvantage of the stabilizer was that it did not prevent blocking of the driver's hatch in automatic mode which could lead to the failure of opening said hatch.
Loading Mechanism[]
Loading Mechanism
The ammunition of the gun consisted of 40 two-piece shots with partially burning sleeves (normal loadout used 34 AP and 6 HE shots), of which 13 were in the autoloader. The autoloader consisted of a mechanized ammo stowage (conveyor belt that moved the shells and another conveyor for the cartridges, feeding them to the loading lift), a pneumatic lift and tray, and a dispenser. Each conveyor was an endless chain of 13 links, each link having a projectile/charge in special grips. All the links were unified which ensured the loading of shells into the conveyor in any combination of AP or HE shells. The rotation of the conveyor happened clockwise and in case of electromechanical failures, manual backup drives were used. To lift the sleeve and lower the tray during loading, pneumatic actuators were used powered by a common air system, which consisted of an air cylinder with a 5-litre capacity and a maximum pressure of 14.7MPa, located in the back of the sleeve conveyor. The loading of the projectile and cartridge was carried out by the chain dispenser, located on the back of the turret behind the shell conveyor, made similarly to the D-25TA dispenser. The projectile was sent into the gun chamber first automatically and for the cartridge, the loader had to roll the supplied sleeve onto the tray and press the loading button on his control panel. The loading of the gun was carried out at an angle of +0.5 degrees. When the loading angle was reached, a light signal that allowed loading was turned on for the commander and loader. The loader could pick, to the commander's decision, the type of projectile and cartridge case using the control panel. After sending the sleeve, closing the breech, and returning the tray to the starting position, the gun was automatically removed from the stopper and moved to the position that matched the sight. The combat rate of fire when using the autoloader reached 6-7 rounds/min.
NBC[]
In the crew compartments of the vehicle, a spall shield was installed. To safely operate in a radioactive area, the vehicle was equipped with a PAZ system that protected the crew and internal equipment from the impact shock of a nuclear explosion with a pressure of 0.34-0.39MPa (3.5-4kgf/cm2) due to the seals of the turret and hull, as well as excess pressure. It used a RBZ-1 sensor which reacted to UV radiation within 0.1s, electromechanical and electropneumatic drive systems for completely sealing the vehicle, and a supercharger fan with a cyclone filter. The system could be either activated manually or by the RBZ-1 sensor. The total response of the PAZ system did not exceed 0.4s. When the electropneumatic drives were actuated, special tires were filled with compressed air at 0.34MPa pressure, located at the turret body and pressed against the turret ring bulge under said pressure, and the openings of the cannon and KPVT machine gun (the tired were pressed against the moving parts of the armour). When the retainers were removed by the electric traction relays, under the action of springs, rods, cables and levers, the following systems were blocked: the engine cooling system shutters, the exhausts, the blower fan and the engine air intakes. Protection of the visual ports was not provided, except the commander's viewport which was protected by sealed glass. All the crew entrances had rubber seals around the hatches. The rangefinder sights were covered with a corrugated sleeve made of rubberized fabric, for the first viewport, and rubber gasket for the second viewport.
The air injection into the combat compartments was carried out by a fan-blower of the PAZ filter, consisting of a high-pressure centrifugal supercharger (electric motor of 0.8HP at 324 Pa (0.033 kgf/cm2) pressure) and 24 cyclones with the cyclone filter. Dust was ejected by two dust extraction tubes. The air purification was providing 99.15% clean air.
The vehicle used the automatic firefighting system Rosa, activated by thermoelectric switches or manually if needed.
Electronics[]
The electrical equipment was made according to a 24V single-wire circuit. Four 12ST-70 280Ah rechargeable batteries, an SG-10-3B starter generator with an R-10 relay controller, and an RSG-10 relay were used as power sources. For external communication, a R-113 «Granat» radio station was used, and for intercom, a R-120 tank intercom for the crew.
Armour[]
The Ob. 279 had the highest protection of Soviet heavy tanks. The hull weighed over 32 tons, 53% of the vehicle's combat weight. The armour protection was made to ensure that a 90mm cumulative projectile could not penetrate the front and side of the hull and turret, and a 122mm armour-piercing projectile at 950 m/s could not penetrate the hull from ±45 degrees and turret at ±90 degrees from the front at any range.
Hull[]
The tank's hull was welded from large cast parts. The front had a rounded shape with a thickness of the upper frontal part ranging from 230mm at 45 degrees from vertical to 66mm at 83 degrees, with the maximum equivalent thickness of the armour plate being 310mm. There was also a non-removable anti-cumulative "screen" made of steel sheets installed in the bow of the hull along the perimeter. The lower frontal part of the hull had variable thicknesses of 226mm to 95mm at 45 to 78 degrees respectively, side parts in the upper part varied from 239mm to 220mm at 45 and 15 degrees, and the lower part 185mm to 55mm at 45 to 75 degrees. Additionally, the sides also had folding anti-cumulative screens installed. The rear of the hull roof was removable and split into three parts, the middle sheet above the engine and the side shutters above the radiators. The average roof thickness was 20mm angled at 5 degrees. The stern of the hull was welded from two different cast parts. The upper part had a thickness of 73mm to 37mm at 35 to 65 degrees and the lower part 62mm to 36mm at 23 to 55 degrees respectively.
The bottom of the box-shaped case had a thickness of 20mm in the middle part, 25mm in the driver's area, and 12mm in the upper part. The undercarriage was mounted along the hull on two beams, in which the suspension brackets were also mounted.
In the forward part of the hull in the roof, a cutout for the entrance hatch for the driver was made. A removable roof over the engine, rear and underside access hatches serves as access to the transmission and engine compartment. There were also plugs for filling the engine with fuel, oil, and coolant. There was a bottom emergency hatch for servicing the mechanisms of the vehicle during operation, two hatches under the engine with pumps and injectors access, and one hatch under the transmission for draining oils and servicing the control drives. Due to the removal of the hull fuel tanks and onboard generators, it was possible to significantly improve the volume-to-mass ratio of the hull compared to other existing heavy tanks, also increasing its anti-cumulative projectile protection. The total weight of the hull was 21,100kg.
Turret[]
The turret was made from cast armour with a welded roof, making it possible to have variable thicknesses and angles of armour. The maximum thickness of the frontal armour was 310mm at an angle of 30 degrees. The side armour thickness varied, on the left side, 302mm to 98mm at 30 to 70 degrees, and on the right side, 233mm to 149mm at angles from 30 to 45 degrees. The rear armour had 90mm of armor at an angle of 12 degrees. The front of the turret had cutouts for the cannon, the machine gun, and the rangefinder. The armor was sealed with a special inflatable hose which protected the fighting compartment from dust, water, and dirt.
The roof of the vehicle was welded from four parts. Two side sheets with a thickness of 30mm at 80 degrees, the middle sheet with a thickness of 30mm at 82 degrees, and the rear sheet with 20mm at 81 degrees. There are cutouts for the commander's turret, loader hatch, TPN-1 «Luna-II» night sight, a supercharger fan, and an antenna input. To strengthen the protection against shelling, the commander's turret was mounted on a cast cage of variable cross-sections. The turret ring was made in the form of a radial-thrust ball bearing. The presence of a large bulge with a diameter of 2422mm made it possible to place the loader mechanism in the rear part of the turret. Bolts with special shock absorbers were used to attach the upper bulge to the turret and the lower one to the hull, reducing vibration during firing, non-piercing hits, and large explosions.
Variants[]
|
 Soviet UnionLand Vehicles Cold War Period (1946 — 1990) |
|---|
| Tracked Vehicles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Light Tanks | Light Tank | 2S25 (M) • T-54 • T-100 |
| Light Tank, Amphibious | Ob. 101 • Ob. 685 • Ob. 740 • Ob. 906 K-90 • PT-76 (A, B, M) • PT-85 • PT-90 • R-39 | |
| Light Tank, Amphibious Command | PT-76K | |
| IFV | Ob. 19 • Ob. 911 • Ob. 914 B-10 • B-19 • BMP-64 • BMPT • BMPV-64 | |
| IFV, Amphibious | Ob. 765 (Sp.1 • Sp.2 • Sp.3 • Sp.4 • Sp.8) • Ob. 911 BMP-1 (1966 • 1969 • 1973 • 1979 • P • PG) • BMP-2 (D • M) • BMP-3 (F • FK • Fr • K • M • M-3) | |
| Medium Tanks | MBT | Ob. 139 • Ob. 140 • Ob. 167 (T) • Ob. 430 (U) • Ob. 450 • Ob. 640 • Ob. 785 T-54 • T-55 (64) • T-62 (1960, 1972, 1975, D, D-1, K, KN, M, M-1, M1, M1-1, M1-2, M1-2-1, M1V, M1V-1, MD, MD-1, MK, MK-1, MV-1) • T-64 (A, AK, B, B1, B1M, BM2, BV, R, T, U) • T-67 • T-72 (A 1979 • A 1984 • AK • AV • B • B 1989 • B 1990 • B1 • B2 • B3 2011 • B3 2014 • B3 2016 • T-72B3M • BA • BU • BV • M • M1 • M1M • M1V • S • V) • T-74 • T-80 (A 1982 • A 1984 • AK • AKV • B 1978 • B 1980 • BK • BV 1985 • BVK • BVM 2017 • M-1 • U 1986 • U 1992 • UE 1999 • UK • UM 1995 • UM-1 1997 • UM-2 • UM2) • T-90 (1992 • A 2006 • AK • AM • K • M 2017 • MS • S • SK) • T-95 • T-99 |
| Command Tanks | 446B • T-64B1K • T-64BK • T-72 (AK • B1K • BK • K • M1K • MK) • T-90 (K) | |
| Flamethrowing | OT-54 (B) • OT-55 • OT-62 | |
| Heavy Tanks | Heavy Tank | Ob. 240 (M) Ob. 277 • Ob. 279 • Ob. 770 IS-2 (M • MK) • IS-3 (M) • IS-4 (M) • IS-7 • IS-8 • T-10 |
| SPG | ATGMV | Ob. 150 • Ob. 287 IT-1 |
| SPAA | Ob. 119 • Ob. 500 • Ob. 575 2S6 (M • M1) • 2S38 • 9K35 • 9K37 • 9K330 • PT-76B with 9M14 • S-300 • ZSU-23-4 (V • V1, M1 • M2 • M3 • M4 • M5) • ZSU-37-2 • ZSU-57-2 | |
| SPATG | Ob. 120 2S15 • 2S25 (M1) • 2S28 • 2S29 • 2S37 • ASU-57 • ASU-76 • ASU-85 • BTR-50P • SU-85M • SU-100 • SU-122-54 | |
| SPG | 2S1M • 2S5 (M • M1) • 2S7 (M) • 2S9 (-1 • 1M) • 2S11 • 2S13 • 2S17 (-2) • 2S22 • 2S23 (M) • 2S31 (Ye • M) • 2S34 (-1 • M) • 2S36 • 2S39 • 2S40 • 2S42 • 2S43 • ISU-152 • Obzhimka • T-62/160 | |
| SPH | 924 • 2A3 • 2A4 • 2S1 (M1) • 2S2 • 2S3 (M • M1, M2 • M2-155 • M3) • 2S18 • 2S19 (M • M1 • M1-155 • M2) • 2S21 • 2S26 • 2S27 • 2S30 • 2S33 • S-103 | |
| Self-Propelled Laser | 1K17 Szhatie | |
| SPM | 2S4 • 2S8 • 2S10 • 2S12 (A • B) • 2S24 • 2S41 | |
| SPRA | 2P16 • 9P139 • BM-24T • Object 280 • Object 634 (B) • TOS-1 • TOS-1M (A) | |
| Explosive Related | Mine Laying | GMZ-3 |
| Mine Clearing / Sweeping | BMR-3 • BMR-3M (A) • UR-07 • UR-67 • UR-77 | |
| Misc Tanks | Ammunition Carrier | TZM-T |
| APC | BTR-50 • BTR-50PA • BTR-50PM • BTRV-64 • R-40 | |
| ARV | BREM-1 (M) • BREM-64 • BREM-L • Object 447T • BTS-4V • T-62T | |
| Bridge Laying | MTU-72 • MTU-90 | |
| Command | Ob. 773 (P) • Ob. 774 BMP-1 (K • KSh • PK) • BTR-50PN • BTR-50PU • BTR-50PU-2 • BTR-50PUM • BTR-50PUM-1 | |
| Engineering & Maintenance | BAT-2 • BMT-3 • BTM-4 • IMR-2 • IMR-3M • IRM • MDK-3 • MTP-1 • ZSU-57-2 BTS-55 | |
| Firefighting | SPM | |
| Observation, Spotting & Survey | Ob. 767 • Ob. 779 (M) PRP-3 • PRP-4 (M • MU) | |
| Reconnaissance | PT-76RKh | |
| Transport & Towing | BMO-T • IT-1T | |
| Wheeled Vehicles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Offensive / Defensive | IFV | BMPT-K-64 • VPK-7829 • Object 19 |
| SPAA | 9P31 • BTR-40A • BTR-141A | |
| SPATGM | 2P27 • 2P32 • 9P110 • 9P122 • 9P124 • 9P133 • 9P137 • 9P148 | |
| SPBM | 9P71 • 9P117 • 9P120 | |
| SPH | 2S27 • A-222 | |
| SPRA | 2B5 • 2B17 • 2B26 | |
| Other | APC | BTR-40 (V • B • B (RKh) • ZhD) • BTR-60 (P • PA • PB • PBM) • BTR-70 • BTR-80 • BTR-90 • BTR-141 • BTR-7829 • GAZ-3937-11 |
| ARV | BREM-K | |
| Bridge Laying | PP-2005 • PPS-84 • TMM-3 • TMM-6 | |
| Cargo | GAZ-33097 • KamAZ-5350 • KamAZ-6350 • KamAZ-43501 • MAZ-4370 • MAZ-4570 • MAZ-5336 • MAZ-5337 • MAZ-5432 • MAZ-5433 • MAZ-5434 • MAZ-5442 • MAZ-5516 • MAZ-5551 • MAZ-6303 • MAZ-6317 • MAZ-6417 • MAZ-6422 • MAZ-6425 • MAZ-6430 • Ural-4320 • Ural-5323 • Ural-43206 • ZiL-4334 | |
| CP | GA-39371 | |
| Crane | KS-5571 • KS-5573 • KS-5576 • KS-6571 | |
| Decontamination Vehicle | ARS-14KM • TMS-65 • USSO | |
| Dump Truck | MAZ-7510 | |
| Engineering | EOV-3521 • EOV-3523 • KamAZ-65225 • KS-3574M3 • MAZ-205 • MAZ-500 (A, SH) • MAZ-501 • MAZ-503 (A) • MAZ-509A • MAZ-510 • MAZ-511 • MAZ-516B • MAZ-525 • MAZ-529 • MAZ-530 • MAZ-5335 • MAZ-5334 • MAZ-5549 • MAZ-53352 • PBU-100 | |
| Firefighting Vehicle | AA-60(543)-160 • AA-70(543)-172 • AA-60(7310)-160.01 • AA-60(7313) (160.01 • AA-60(7313)-220) | |
| IMV | GAZ-2975 • GAZ-3937 • GAZ-3937-10 • GAZ-233034 • GAZ-233036 • Iveco LMV | |
| Medical | BMM-80 | |
| RV | BPM-97 • BRDM-1 (RKh • U) • BRDM-2 (RKh • RKhA • RKhB • U) | |
| Security | Lavina-M | |
| Smoke Generating Vehicle | TDA-2K • TDA-3 | |
| Transport & Towing | 9T254 • MAZ-200 (V) • MAZ-502 • MAZ-504 (A • B • G, S • V) • MAZ-508B • MAZ-520 • MAZ-535 (A) • MAZ-5429 • MAZ-7310 • MAZ-7904 • MAZ-7906 • MAZ-79221 • NAMI-020 • NAMI-021 • Ural-375 • ZiL-131 | |
| Utility | MAZ-543 (A, M, P) • MAZ-547 • MAZ-7907 • MAZ-7910 • MAZ-7912 • MAZ-7917 • MAZ-74106 • UAZ-452 • UAZ-469 • UAZ-3132 • UAZ-3163 | |
| Sources | ||
|---|---|---|
| Books | Online | Documents |
| Отечественные Бронированные Машины 1945-1965 гг. - Часть 1 - Легкие, средние и тяжелые танки, М. В. Павлов, И. В. Павлов (ISBN 978-5-85905-623-1) | ||